Aberrant expression of nuclear matrix proteins during HMBA-induced differentiation of gastric cancer cells

AIM: To investigate the aberrant expression of nuclear matrix proteins in human gastric cancer cells before and after hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) treatment.METHODS: Proteomics analysis of differential nuclear matrix proteins was performed by two dimensional electrophoresis polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.The expression levels of three nuclear matrix proteins were further confirmed by Western blotting and their location...     

病毒与人类健康——2008年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖简介

2008年10月6日,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了德国科学家哈拉尔德•楚尔•豪森、法国科学家弗朗索瓦丝•巴尔-西诺西和吕克•蒙塔尼,以表彰他们对揭示病毒感染在肿瘤、传染病等人类重大疾病中的致病机制所做出的突出贡献。本文将就病毒感染与人类健康的密切关系做一简要介绍。     

循环肿瘤细胞分离富集与分析检测技术的研究进展

癌症死亡患者中有90%由癌症转移引起,研究表明:患者的外周血、胸腔液等体液中的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)与癌症转移及肿瘤结节转移(TNM)分期密切相关.因此,CTC检测在实体肿瘤前期诊断、预后及疗效评估等方面扮演着举足轻重的角色.该综述基于CTC区别于正常细胞的物理学、电学、生物学特征,总结了目前CTC分离富集及分析检测技术的研究进展,并就国内外CTC检测面临的挑战进行了讨论,对其未来发展趋势进行了展望.     

类风湿关节炎全球药物研发状况分析

 类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性疾病,全球患病率约0.24%。RA发病机制复杂,致残率极高,严重影响患者的生活质量,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,对RA的有效治疗成为全球医药行业关注的重点。据艾美仕数据统计,2015年全球医药市场用于治疗RA的药物支出达214亿美元。本报告依据相关文献及Thomson Reuters、IMS Health等数据库信息,对RA全球药物研发市场、治疗药物类别、靶标、专利等药物研发状况进行分析。目前,RA治疗药物类别包括抗炎药、抗风湿药、激素类药物、生物制剂、联合用药、免疫重建等;治疗靶标有肿瘤坏死因子α、环氧化酶类、B-淋巴细胞抗原、白细胞介素类、细胞核转录因子kB、小分子激酶等;近些年,生物技术药物在RA等自身免疫性疾病治疗领域取得了前所未有的成功,未来市场小分子药物及生物仿制药也将会发挥关键作用。     

肿瘤免疫:肿瘤治疗的新希望

 随着肿瘤学、免疫学及分子生物学等相关学科的迅速发展和交叉渗透,肿瘤免疫治疗技术突飞猛进,成为肿瘤治疗新的热点。肿瘤免疫治疗是应用免疫学原理和方法,提高肿瘤细胞的免疫原性和对效应细胞杀伤的敏感性,激发和增强机体抗肿瘤免疫应答,并应用免疫细胞和效应分子输注宿主体内,协同机体免疫系统杀伤肿瘤、抑制肿瘤生长。在某些肿瘤,如黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌等,免疫治疗展现出强大的抗肿瘤活性,部分免疫治疗药物已经获得美国FDA批准。2013年《Science》杂志将肿瘤的免疫治疗评为年度最重要的科学突破。免疫治疗成为继手术、放射治疗和化学治疗之后又一种重要的抗肿瘤治疗手段,成为攻克恶性肿瘤的希望。本文综述肿瘤免疫学的历史、发展规律、未来方向及中国的肿瘤免疫发展情况。     

基于细胞自动机的MRI脑肿瘤分割方法

提出一种基于细胞自动机的脑肿瘤分割方法.首先通过人工交互输入一条线,使用细胞自动机模型对脑肿瘤图像进行分割,得到肿瘤图像的标号图,然后使用活动轮廓模型对标号图进行优化处理,除去非肿瘤像素点的干扰,得到更平滑的脑肿瘤轮廓.使用该方法在对比增强T1加权MRI脑肿瘤图像进行分割实验.实验结果表明,此方法能够很好地解决脑肿瘤分割过程中容易出现的不完全分割问题,分割准确率(Dice相似系数)可达到(94.07±1.58)％.     

Blocking of lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells inhibits lung sarcoma L-1 colonization in BALB/c-mice

Summary Adhesion and inhibition experiments with pulmonary cells of BALB/c-mouse origin and syngeneic sarcoma L-1 cells indicated that L-fucose specific lectin-like adhesion molecules, presumably situated on pulmonary cell surfaces are (at least partly) responsible for the specificity of this cell-cell interaction. Addition of specific sugars and glycoconjugates (L-fucose and fucoidan, respectively) to the incubation medium evidently inhibited the adhesion process as quantified using radiolabelled tumor cells. Unspecific carbohydrates (e.g. D-galactose) did not affect the cellular interaction. In vivo, repeated administration of fucoidan (but not of unspecific glycoconjugates) significantly inhibited the settling of metastatic sarcoma L-1 cells in the lungs of BALB/c-mice. Therefore, when lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells were blocked with competitive glycoconjugates, tumor cell colonization of the lung could be significantly inhibited.     

Pyruvate kinase inhibited by L-cysteine as a marker of tumorigenic human urothelial cell lines

Summary It was found that a decrease in electrophoretic mobility of pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzyme, and an increase of the sensitivity of this enzyme to L-cysteine, were markers of immortalization and tumorigenic properties, respectively, in human urothelial cell lines characterized by different grades of transformation (TGr) in vitro.     

光动力疗法中不同激光条件癌肿杀伤效果的比较

本文报告应用两种不同波长激光为PDT(光动疗法)的激光源,对小鼠移植肿瘤进行杀伤实验。结果表明:在相同光剂量下,HPD—氩离子泵浦的染料激光(波长6300A)对肿瘤杀伤的效果强于HPD—氩离子激光(波长5145A)(P<0.01);同一波长激光在光剂量相同时,采用不同的瞬间功率,对肿瘤杀伤的效果相同(P>0.20)。     

A comparison of the effects of the optical isomers of isoproterenol on energy metabolism in a mouse sarcoma

Summary Disturbance to energy production in the S180 sarcoma (CB) by optical isomers of isoproterenol was assessed from altered adenine nucleotide levels at 1 h. The L-isomer almost halved the ATP level and lowered the energy charge significantly; the D-isomer was inactive. Dependence of tumor injury on cytochrome P-450 activity appears unlikely.One of us (GRNJ) thanks the Department of Surgery, Medical School, Kings's College Hospital, London, England, for the provision of experimental facilities; the Institute of Biochemistry, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, FRG, for permitting the measurement of metabolites; the Cancer Research Campaign, London, UK, for a part-time grant; and Zyma GmbH, München, FRG, and the estate of the late Dr Lucie Polak for additional financial support.